Sensor Placement Strategies for Better Glass Heater Temperature Feedback
https://heater-engineering-hub.clearminster.com/posts/semiconductor-heater-design-factors-for-vacuum-and-process-equipment
In camera windows, a glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a glass panel combined with a conductive heating layer or heater element. One useful trait is anti-fog capability. Still, thermal stress can change the result