Planning an ITO Glass Heater Project From Requirements to Final Testing

https://modern-heating-elements.greyhavendaily.com/posts/ito-glass-heater-vs-conventional-heating-elements-key-differences

In camera windows, an ITO glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a transparent conductive ITO layer applied to glass. One useful trait is full-surface heating. Still, edge losses can change the result