Managing Heat Loss Around a Glass Heater for More Stable Operation

https://electric-heat-insights.clearhavendigest.com/posts/what-is-the-difference-between-a-glass-heater-and-a-flexible-heater

In camera windows, a glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a glass panel combined with a conductive heating layer or heater element. One useful trait is anti-fog capability. Still, thermal stress can change the result